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Recently, several countries have been conducting surveys to evaluate the radiation dose in their location in order to provide nationwide data of radiation background to act as a reference data source, and in case of contamination, it can support decision making 5. This radiation dose varies over the whole world, depending on the variation of radionuclides concentration in the geological constructions 4. The received radiation dose to human beings mainly depends on the concentrations of these radionuclides. About 80% of delivering radiation dose is due to the natural radionuclides 2. The soil is considered as the main source of natural radionuclides of 238U, 232Th, 40K, and radon gas 1, 2, 3. Human beings are continuously exposed to ionizing radiation emitted from natural radionuclides maintained in the earth’s crust or soil. The reliability and precision of analytical spectroscopy techniques of radioactivity and radiation dose were confirmed in this work. The results of the calculated and measured dose rate show a strong correlation of R 2 = 0.96. The absorbed dose rate in air at 1 m height above ground due to these radionuclides was calculated using the Beck’s formula and the results were compared with measured values obtained with an high pressure ionization chamber. γ-Rays cps of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K of the NaI (Tl) detector were then converted to specific activities (Bq kg −1 unit) in soil using the empirical formulas obtained in this study. The in-situ HPGe technique shows a strong correlation with the NaI(Tl) detector. A strong correlation was observed between the in-situ and laboratory HPGe techniques with a linear correlation coefficient (R 2) of 0.99 for 226Ra and 232Th and 0.975 for 40K, respectively.
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In parallel, 55 soil samples collected from these sites were analyzed with a laboratory γ-ray spectroscopy technique (HPGe).
#IAEA TECDOC 1363 PORTABLE#
The activity concentrations of 238U ( 226Ra), 232Th, and 40K in the soil in 11 sites were simultaneously measured with in-situ portable HPGe and the NaI(Tl) detectors. In this study, in-situ and laboratory γ-ray spectroscopy techniques were compared to evaluate the activity concentration of natural radionuclides in soil.